At On Lok PACE centers across the Bay Area, it’s common to hear conversation and laughter echoing from around a Mahjong table.

This beloved game, traditionally played in groups of four, is much more than a pastime. It’s a powerful way for older adults to stay socially connected, mentally engaged, and culturally grounded.

Friendly competition and deep concentration were on full display at the On Lok PACE Gee Center in San Francisco, when 16 participants from four On Lok PACE centers gathered for our first joint Mahjong Tournament.

For many seniors, Mah jong is a weekly or even daily social anchor. The game also offers proven brain health benefits. Combining luck, strategy, and memory, Mahjong engages attention, pattern recognition, and strategic thinking all at once.

Remembering tiles, tracking opponents’ moves, and planning next steps provide gentle brain exercise that is especially helpful for participants who may be experiencing early memory changes. Handling tiles, arranging racks, and making precise movements support hand-eye coordination and fine motor skills.

“Playing in a group helps reduce loneliness, build confidence, and create a sense of belonging,” says Activity Therapist Joyce Leung. “Families and caregivers often see improved mood, focus, and engagement.”

Mahjong is highly adaptable and can be modified for beginners, first-time players, seniors with vision or hearing impairments, and those with early cognitive changes—making it inclusive and accessible across a wide range of abilities.

“With the right supports, older adults of all abilities can participate, connect, and enjoy the game,” Leung said.

For many participants, Mahjong also holds deep cultural meaning. It reinforces cultural identity, sparks memories, and creates opportunities for intergenerational connection.

Runner-up Ms. Siu Ching Yee said, “It was a pleasure to be part of the tournament. I really enjoyed the games and meeting new friends from other centers. If I had taken my tile out earlier, I might have been the champion—but I’m still very happy to have participated.” n

Above: Participants deeply engaged in one of the final tournament games.